voyage-vista.comAdalaj Stepwell: India’s Remarkable Architectural Marvel
A structure built under the ground for the purpose of water storage is known as a vav, or step-well. Most of the step-wells in Gujarat and Rajasthan were built between the fifth and nineteenth centuries. Each back is a one-of-a-kind work of art. The basic purpose of Step Well is not only for water storage in a region with uncertain rainfall but also for various cultural celebrations. The women of the village used to spend their leisure time here, providing overnight shelter for passersby and traders. In this article, we will visit one of the step-wells, only 18 km from Ahmedabad. This specimen has stood firm for five hundred years. The step-well is also known as Rudabaini Vav. A historical story is woven into its construction.
Unveiling India’s Hidden Gem: Adalaj Stepwell
India is a land of architectural wonders, with its rich history and diverse cultural heritage. Among the many marvels that dot this incredible country, Adalaj Step-Well stands out as a testament to the architectural prowess of ancient India. This magnificent step-well, also known as Adalaj ni Vav, is not just a well but a masterpiece of design and engineering that has captured the imagination of visitors for centuries.
A Glimpse into History 
Today’s Gandhinagar (the capital of Gujarat) was once known as ‘Dandai Kshetra’, ruled by King Rana Veersingh of the Vaghela dynasty. His wife was Queen ‘Rudabai’, the famous step-well is known by her name only. The people had to suffer a lot due to the dry air and irregular rainfall in the kingdom. Especially for drinking water, women had to walk a long distance every day. To solve this problem, Rana Veer Singh decided to construct a vav (step well). The site of today’s Adalaj outskirts was chosen for that.
In 1498, shortly after the construction of the stepwell began, Sultan Muhammad Begda invaded Dandai. In this battle, Rana VeerSingh was killed. Hence, Muhammad Begda’s ownership of this kingdom was established. Muhammad Begda sent a marriage proposal to
Rudabai. On the one hand, the grief of losing her husband and, on the other hand, the fact that the construction of the stepwell, which would have removed the water problem for the people, was stopped, were bothering Queen Rudabai. She decided to work patiently. Muhammad Begda’s marriage proposal counter-stipulated that the Queen was ready to marry if the construction of the step-well was completed. Muhammad Begda accepted the condition, and the unfinished work of step-well construction has begun. When it reached its final stage in 1499 AD, one day Rudabai gazed at the beautiful architecture of the step-well and jumped into its reservoir to her death. Set an indelible example of public service. The step-well then came to be known as Rudabai’ Vav (step-well).
Architectural Marvel
The architecture of Adalaj Step-Well is a stunning blend of Indo-Islamic styles. The step-well is intricately designed with ornate columns, exquisite carvings, and stunning arches. The structure is a five-story marvel, each level showcasing impressive craftsmanship and attention to detail.
Built by a Hindu ruler (Rana Veersingh) and completed by a Muslim Sultan (Muhammad Begda), this architecture shows a fusion of Hindu and Muslim architectural styles. A system of ropes and pulleys is setup to fetch water from the well, while steps are
made to reach the reservoir in the step-well. Step key entry can sometimes be from a single direction and sometimes from two, three, or four directions. According to the number of entries, the step-well is known as ‘Nanda’, ‘Bhadra’, ‘Jaya’, or ‘Vijaya’, respectively. The Chand Bawdi of Rajasthan with steps in three directions is a ‘Jaya’ type of step-well. Adalaj’s 75.3-meter, 240-foot-long Rudabai Vav is also of the same type. This pit is five stories deep. The number of steps is 344. All five floor steps are not consecutive. Instead, a ‘mandap’ has been arranged between the two floors. The main reservoir of the step-well is towards the north, while the main entrance is from the south. The steps providing entry into the step-well are located in the east and west directions.
The walls of the step-well are adorned with intricate motifs, sculptures of deities, and scenes from Hindu mythology. As you descend the steps, you’ll find yourself immersed in a world of art and spirituality—a true feast for the eyes.
A Blend of Function and Beauty
One of the most remarkable aspects of Adalaj Step-well is its architectural design, which not only serves a
practical purpose but also resonates with a deep sense of beauty and aesthetics. The stepwell was ingeniously designed to provide respite from the scorching Indian summers. The lower levels of the step-well are cooler than the surface, offering a comfortable escape from the heat.
Before entering from any direction, one can come to a wide square. This floor has been prepared with a total of 16 artistic pillars. This section is open to the sky. The octagon with the various layers of stones is carefully carved to ensure that each one does not have exactly the same pattern of flowers, petals, vines, and some abstract figures. Similarly, there is not even the slightest difference in constructing the hexagons, which shows how great the artisans’ knowledge of geometry must have been at that time. Where the eight sides of the octagon meet each other, there is a dome-like structure showing independent carvings different from others.
Symbolism and Spirituality
Beyond its architectural brilliance, Adalaj Step-Well holds deep symbolic value. The step-well represents the concept of water as a life-giving force and the union of the spiritual and the mundane. Its intricate carvings and sculptures depict various aspects of Hindu mythology and spirituality, making it a place of reverence and contemplation.
According to Hindu scriptures, ‘Amrit’ resides in the Kamandala in the hands of saints. The contemporary sculptors of Adalaj’s Rudabai Vav did not fail to place water in the carvings to show the glory of water itself. In one Gokhala (small cave), the Amritakumbha on a stone is considered to be a vessel of water and the blossoming tree above it is considered to be a symbol of life, or Kalpa tree. At different places in the step-well, such a figure is carved, which represents the importance of water and life.
Experiencing the Mesmerizing Carvings
The main well can be reached by descending steps up to a total of five floors, one after the other. One meter around the well on each floor is a high embankment, which is also beautifully carved. Each floor is decorated with sculptures of butter-churning women, dancers, musicians, and royal courtiers. In Hinduism, worshiping the Navagraha (Nine Planets) during auspicious work is one of the rituals. Here, the sculpture of Navagraha is still worshiped on any auspicious occasion in the village. Besides, the carvings of other gods and goddesses, elephants, and birds are also mesmerizing. Its unique aspect is that the posture of the elephant in each sculpture is completely different from each other. See the pose of each elephant sculpture in the picture presented here.
How would the artisans have carved out some squares in the stone? There are simple carvings like the perennial flower, while the semi-circular rice has a complex arrangement of petals on top of each other. Looking at the suggested engraving, one wonders how much control is required over the stitch-hammer and every cent to do such delicate work.
A descent of five stories (about 100 feet) leads to the main circular cistern. There are steps in a square shape around the main well, and looking up from here, the entire 7-meter/23-foot-diameter octagonal structure and its reflection in the water below are mesmerizing.
As Adalaj’s Rudabai Vav was built during the period of Hindu and Muslim rulers, its influence is visible in the architecture. As the arrangement of vertical and horizontal columns is a part of Hindu architecture, arched gokhlas, arches, and minarets in decorations are a sign of Muslim architecture. Muhammad Begda was so fond of this architecture that it is said to have exterminated its chief architects in a brutal way so that it could not be copied again. The tombs located next to the stepwell testify to this fact.
Indeed, it can take hours and hours to see this unique architecture and understand its sculptures in detail, but most tourists get out of it within fifteen to twenty minutes. This is not their fault. There is no system here that gives an in-depth explanation of the various parts of step-well. In fact, a service of audio guides, text manuals, posters, and drawings should be provided here. The sight of evaluating the priceless monument will be developed only after the same. Recently, after declaring the site a world heritage site, a few local people have started serving here as guides.
Preservation Efforts
Over the centuries, Adalaj Step-Well has faced the ravages of time and natural elements. However, concerted efforts have been made to preserve and restore this architectural gem. The Archaeological Survey of India has played a crucial role in maintaining and safeguarding the stepwell, ensuring that future generations can continue to marvel at its beauty.
Visit Adalaj Stepwell
If you’re planning a trip to India, Adalaj Stepwell should undoubtedly be on your itinerary. It’s not just an architectural wonder, but a journey through history and spirituality. As you explore the cool confines of the stepwell and admire its intricate carvings, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for India’s rich cultural heritage.
Quick info:
| Category | Information |
|---|---|
| Location | Adalaj Stepwell, Adalaj, Gujarat, India |
| Google Location | Adalaj Stepwell on Google Maps |
| Famous For | An intricately carved stepwell with historical and architectural significance |
| Best Time to Visit | Explore between October and March for pleasant weather |
| Entry Fee | Entry is usually free; donations may be encouraged for maintenance |
| Visiting Hours | Generally open from morning to evening; check specific timings |
| Accommodation | Options available in Gandhinagar city |
| Transportation | Nearest airport: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport (Ahmedabad) Nearest railway station: Gandhinagar Railway Station |
| Language | Gujarati, Hindi, and English are commonly spoken |
| Currency | Indian Rupee (INR) |
| Safety Tips | Be cautious while exploring, watch your step, and follow on-site guidelines |
| Local Etiquette | Respect the historical site, avoid touching carvings, and maintain a quiet atmosphere |
| Emergency Numbers | Police: 100, Medical Emergency: 108 |
Conclusion
In conclusion, Adalaj Stepwell is a remarkable architectural marvel that stands as a testament to India’s rich history and cultural heritage. Its intricate design, blend of architectural styles, and deep spiritual significance make it a must-visit destination for travelers and architecture enthusiasts alike. As we continue to preserve and celebrate structures like Adalaj Stepwell, we ensure that the beauty and history of our world are passed on to future generations.
Points you need to know while planning your trip:
Location: Adalaj Step-Well is located in Adalaj village, around 18 km from Ahmedabad city. Plan your transportation accordingly, and consider hiring a local guide if needed. Google Map Link
Timing: The stepwell is generally open from sunrise to sunset. Confirm the opening hours before your visit, as they may vary.
Weather: Gujarat can have extreme weather conditions, so check the weather forecast and dress appropriately. Sunscreen, a hat, and comfortable clothing are essential during the hot months, while a light jacket may be necessary during the winter.
Footwear: Wear comfortable shoes suitable for walking, as you’ll explore the step-well and its surroundings.
Respectful Dress Code: Adalaj Step-Well is a cultural and religious site, so dress modestly. Avoid wearing revealing or inappropriate clothing out of respect for local customs.
Photography: Photography is usually allowed, but always ask for permission if you plan to photograph people, and respect any signage or guidelines regarding photography within the step-well.
Entry Fees: There may be an entry fee for tourists, so be prepared to pay it.
Guides: Consider hiring a local guide who can provide you with historical and cultural insights, making your visit more meaningful.
Hydration: Carry a water bottle to stay hydrated, especially during hot weather.
Snacks: Pack some snacks or energy bars in case you get hungry during your visit, as there may not be many food options nearby.
Respectful Behavior: Show respect for the site and its significance by not littering, defacing, or causing any harm to the stepwell or its surroundings.
Footwear Etiquette: In some areas, you may need to remove your shoes before entering. Be prepared for this and bring socks or something to protect your feet from hot surfaces.
Local Customs: Familiarize yourself with local customs and traditions to ensure you are respectful and do not inadvertently offend anyone.
Safety: Be cautious when exploring the step-well, especially if you have children with you. Some areas may have steep or narrow steps.
Time Allocation: Plan your visit with enough time to explore the step-well thoroughly and take in the architecture and history.
Transportation: Arrange for transportation to and from the site in advance, especially if you are not using a guided tour.
Language: English may not be widely spoken in the village, so having a basic understanding of Hindi or Gujarati can be helpful.
By keeping these points in mind, you can have a more enjoyable and respectful visit to the Adalaj Step-well and appreciate its historical and architectural significance while respecting the local culture.
——————————————————————————————————————————————–
Click Here for:
Rani ki Vav : The Mysterious Stepwell That Will Leave You Awestruck
